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When the space shuttle Atlantis was put into service in October 1985, the
four fleet of the NASA was finally complete. The Challenger opened for its
tenth flight into flames shortly after the start but already more than three
months later. With only three Orbitern furthermore fit for use one couldn't
hope, however, at the NASA to adhere to the launch schedule planned for the
next years. For this reason the convention gave green light for the making
of a new Orbiters as a substitute for the Challenger in August 1987. A named
competition was announced by the NASA, trainee groups were invited from all
USA in the context of a class project to suggest a name to the space-travel
topic for the new space shuttle. 71,652 trainees altogether took part in the
program and in May 1989 president George Bush could announce the name on
which the choice fell: Endeavour. Two groups had the one of the Senatobia
Middle School in Mississippi, the different one, suggested, of the Tallulah
fall School in Georgia these names at once. Endeavour was called the first
ship ordered by James Cook which ran in August 1768 of the stack. Cook went
on the Endeavour to Tahiti to the Südpazifik to watch the gateway of Venus
in front of the sun plate. On the same journey he discovered New Zealand,
kartografierte, the new island let survey the East coast of Australia and
found a way through the big barrier reef. The new space shuttle Endeavour
was delivered to the Kennedy-Space center on May 7th, 1991.
For the day exactly one year on this it started with a seven-headed crew and
a demanding payload on board for its first flight (STS 49). Days weren't
planned less than three space exits (Eva) on succeed one another, something
such hadn't been had a try any more since the lunar landing of Apollo 17 in
December 1972. At the first exit the astronauts should capture, repair and
stop a telecommunications satellite of the series Intelsat VI again. This
satellite had reached only a low orbit due to a fault of its titanium
carrier rocket in March 1990. With the two others Eva assembly techniques
for the making of the planned space station should eat be tested. In the
course of the mission STS 49 the astronauts had to differ from the plan and
undertook more activities in the space than ever: three Eva for capturing
the satellite and (only) one for practicing the assembly techniques.
Capturing the Intelsat turned out well, that only in the third attempt and
then also only with the "inexpert" method three astronauts were in the
payload bay and reached with their hand for the satellite. After attaching a
new rocket propulsion Intelsat was stopped and then shot into 35,900 km of
altitude again on its scheduled geostationäre orbit.
The rescue operation in the space lasted for paying attention half hours
only just and surpassed the previous one with that, Eva record set up 1972
of the astronauts of the Apollo 17. Fourth Eva was less successful since the
assembly techniques proved to be difficult when unexpected. Due to the
decelerations of the Instelsat rescue the flight of the Endeavour was
prolonged by two days at short notice. At the conclusion of an almost
fault-free flight a picture book landing on Edward Air Force cousin was
successful in California. A brake parachute was for the first time used for
the shortening of the braking distance at the touchdown on the landing strip.
The other Orbiter were also equipped with brake parachutes in the
consequence. One finds capturing the Eureca satellite (STS 57), the
brilliant repair of the space telescope Hubble (STS 61) and a record
breaking space stay from 6 days and 15 hours (STS 67) for Endeavour uses
following this one under the highlights. In December 1998 the space shuttle
Endeavour brought the first American modulus of the new international space
station "to Unity" during the mission STS 88, to space ".
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The flights of the Endavour:
1 07 Mai 92
STS-49
2 12 Sep 92
STS-47
3 13 Jan 93
STS-54
4 21 Jun 93
STS-57
5 02 Dez 93
STS-61
6 09 Apr 94
STS-59
7 30 Sep 94
STS-68
8 02 Mrz 95
STS-67
9 07 Sep 95
STS-69
10 10 Jan 96 STS-72
11
19 Mai 96 STS-77
12 22 Jan 98
STS-89
13 04 Dez 98 STS-88
14 11 Feb 00
STS-99
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the space shuttle "Endeavour" not planned actually at all at the shipment
from the Dryden research center to cape Canaveral ... ...
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